IDO MOVEMENT FOR CULTURE

"Ido Movement for Culture"
Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

Published by Committee of Scientific Research of the Idokan Poland Association^®
in Rzeszów in cooperation with University of Rzeszów.
theory of culture, psychophysical culture, cultural tourism, anthropology
of martial arts, combat sports
Japanese term ido refers to movement, philosophy of perpetual movement, the way of martial arts
and medicine of martial arts.
Formerly
SCIENTIFIC YEAR'S ISSUE
IDO - RUCH DLA KULTURY
Movement for Culture

The Lykeion Library Edition, vol. 17,                     Ido Movement for Culture, vol. 12, no. 1-4

RZESZÓW 2012

Vol. 12, no. 1-4 (2012)

REVIEWERS OF ARTICLES FROM OUTSIDE
THE EDITORIAL AND SCIENTIFIC BOARD:

Dr habil. Prof. AWF Tadeusz Ambroży (Poland)
Prof. Dr habil. Krzysztof S. Klukowski (Poland)
Prof. Dr James R. Lee-Barron (UK)
Prof. Bill Newman (UK)
Dr habil. Prof. UR Andrzej Nowakowski (Poland)
Prof. Dr habil. Wiesław Osiński (Poland)
Dr habil. Prof. AWFiS Wojciech Przybylski (Poland)
Dr habil. Prof. Elżbieta Puchnarewicz (Poland)
Doc. Dr Zdenko Reguli (Czech Republic)
Prof. Dr Raúl Sánchez Garcia (Spain)
Prof. Dr Aleš Sekot (Czech Rep.)
Prof. Dr Fumiaki Shishida (Japan)
Prof. Dr habil. Stanisław Tokarski (Polish Academy of Sciences)
Prof. Dr António Vences de Brito (Portugal)
Dr Michal Vit (Czech Republic)

HONORARY BOARD – Honoris Causa Doctors:

Prof. Dr Georg Anders (Germany), Ex-President of EASS
Prof. Dr habil. Włodzimierz Bonusiak (Poland), Ex-rector of UR
Prof. Dr Zbigniew Czajkowski (Poland), Professor of the British Academy of Fencing
Prof. Dr, Dr habil. Sven R. de Hooge (Germany, UK), ‘tekatana-do’ soke
Prof. Dr habil. Keith R. Kernspecht (Germany, Bulgaria), GM of EWTO
Prof. Dr habil. Jerzy Kosiewicz (Poland), President of ISSSS
Prof. Dr habil. Zbigniew Krawczyk (Poland), Ex-rector of AWF Warszawa
Prof. Dr habil. Włodzimierz Starosta (Poland), President of IASK

EDITORIAL BOARD:

Prof. Dr Wojtek Chodzko-Zajko (USA) – University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign (kinesiology)
Doc. Dr habil. Milan Ďuriček (Slovakia) – WSIiZ, Rzeszów (tourism and recreation)
Prof. Dr habil. Henning Eichberg (Denmark) – University of Southern Denmark (anthropology, sociology of sport)
Prof. Dr Abel A. Figueiredo (Portugal) – Polytechnic Institute of Viseu (sport sciences, combat sports)
Prof. Dr Emerson Franchini (Brazil) - University of Sao Paulo (sport sciences, combat sports)
Prof. Dr Shaun M. Galloway (UK) – University of Wolverhampton (coaching, psychology)
Prof. Dr Thomas A. Green (USA) – Texas A&M University (cultural anthropology)
Prof. Dr Carlos Gutiérrez-García (Spain) – University of León (sport sciences, history)
Prof. Dr habil. Ivo Jirásek (Czech Republic) – University of Olomouc (philosophy of sport)
Prof. Dr Jong-Young Lee (South Korea) – Suwon University (cultural anthropology)
Prof. Dr Willy Pieter (South Korea) – Keimyung University, Sindong-dong (sport sciences)
Prof. UR Dr habil. Mieczysław Radochoński (Poland) - University of Rzeszów (psychology)
Prof. Dr Satoshi Shimizu (Japan) – Tsukuba University (sociology)

SCIENTIFIC BOARD:

Prof. Dr Magdy Abuzeid (Egypt) – Alexandria University (kinesiology)
Prof. Dr habil. Karl-H. Bette (Germany) – Institute for Sport Science, Technical University Darmstadt (sociology of sport)
Prof. Dr Mojca Doupona Topič (Slovenia) – University of Ljubljana (sociology of sport)
Doc. Dr habil. Magdalena Ďuriček (Slovakia) – WSIiZ Rzeszów (psychology)
Prof. Dr Chuchchai Gomaratut (Thailand) – University of Bangkok (martial arts)
Prof. PUNO Dr habil. Sven R. Hooge (UK) – PUNO London (cultural anthropology)
Prof. Dr Hannu Itkonen (Finland) – University of Jyväskylä (sociology of sport)
Prof. AWFiS w Gdańsku, Dr habil. Władysław Jagiełło (Poland) – AWFiS in Gdańsk (theory of sport, combat sports)
Prof. Dr habil. Ján Junger (Slovakia) – University of Prešov (sport and physical education)
Prof. Dr, habil. Roman Maciej Kalina (Poland) – Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego, Katowice (sport sciences, combat sports)
Prof. UP Dr habil. Keith R. Kernspecht (Bulgaria) – University of Plovdiv & National Sportacademy in Sofia (sport sciences, martial arts)
Prof. UR Dr habil. Jerzy Kitowski (Poland) – Uniwersytet Rzeszowski (economics, geography)
Prof. Dr Helmut Kogel (Germany) – University of Ulm (medical sciences, martial arts)
Prof. Dr habil. Jerzy Kosiewicz (Poland) – Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego, Warszawa (philosophy, methodology, physical culture)
Prof. Dr habil. Marian Kozaczka (Poland) – KUL, Lublin (history, economics)
Prof. Dr habil. Zbigniew Krawczyk (Poland) – Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczna „Almamer”, Warszawa (sociology, theory of physical culture, tourism)
Prof. Dr habil. Józef Langfort (Poland) - Polish Academy of Sciences and AWF Katowice (medical sciences, sport sciences)
Prof. Dr habil. Józef Lipiec (Poland) – Uniwersytet Jagielloński (philosophy)
Doc. Dr Uładzimier Lukievič (Belarus) – State University of Brest (culturology, physical culture sciences)
Prof. Dr habil. Marian Malikowski (Poland) – Uniwersytet Rzeszowski (sociology, methodology)
Prof. Dr habil. Juliusz Migasiewicz (Poland) – Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego, Wrocław (sport sciences)
Prof. Dr habil. Will Munsters (Holland) – Zuyd University, Maastricht (culturology, tourism)
Prof. Dr habil. Bohdan M. Mytskan (Ukraine) – Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk (biology, physical culture sciences)
Prof. Dr Chen Ning (China) – China West Normal University, Sichuan (physical culture sciences)
Prof. Dr Cong Ningli (China) – Chengdu Sport University, Sichuan (physical education)
Prof. Dr habil. Kazimierz Obodyński (Poland) – Uniwersytet Rzeszowski (physical education, physical culture)
Prof. Dr habil. Wojciech Pasterniak (Poland) – Wyższa Szkoła Humanistyczna w Lesznie (philology, pedagogy)
Prof. Dr habil. Mirosław Ponczek (Poland) – Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego, Katowice (history, physical culture)
Prof. Dr Sergio Raimondo (Italy) – Cassino University (history, sociology)
Prof. Dr habil. Matthias von Saldern (Germany) – Universität Lüneburg (pedagogy, martial arts)
Prof. Dr Taketo Sasaki (Japan) – Fukushima University (biomechanics, physiology, martial arts)
Prof. Dr Hrvoje Sertić (Croatia) – Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb (kinesiology)
Prof. Dr Daljeet Singh (India) – Khalsa College (sociology of sport)
Prof. Dr habil. Stanisław Sterkowicz (Poland) – Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego, Kraków (sport sciences, combat sports)
Prof. Dr habil. Włodzimierz Starosta (Poland) – Instytut Sportu, Warszawa (kinesiology)
Prof. Dr habil. Andrzej Szyszko-Bohusz (Poland) – Krakowska Szkoła Wyższa im. A. Frycza Modrzewskiego, Kraków (pedagogy, psychology)
Prof. Dr Craig Webster (Cyprus) – University of Nicosia (sociology, tourism)
Prof. Dr Howard Z. Zeng (USA) – Brooklyn College, City University of New York (sport pedagogy)

BOARD OF EXPERTS:

Prof. EJKC Roland Habersetzer (France) – 9 dan karatedo, sogo-budo tengu-no michi, soke, Tengu Institute, St. Nabor (history, martial arts)
Prof. Dr habil. Keith R. Kernspecht (Bulgaria) – GM, 10th grade Wing Tsun kung-fu, 6th grade escrima (fighting, martial arts)
Doc. Tadeusz Kochanowski (Poland) - the first PZ Judo president, 10 dan judo, Warszawa (combat sports)
Prof. Dr James R. Lee-Barron (UK) – 9 dan jujutsu, hanshi, president of IMAS (education and martial arts)
Dr Roland J. Maroteaux (France) – 9 dan aikijutsu, hanshi, WTMF Avignon (philosophy, martial arts)
Prof. EJKC Lothar Sieber meijin (Germany) - 10 dan jujutsu, karate & ido, IPA & DDBV, Munich (fighting, martial arts)
Dr Jan Słopecki hanshi (Poland) - 10 dan jujutsu, European Jujustu & Kobudo Committee president, Warszawa (martial arts)
Prof. Dr habil. Wojciech Zabłocki (Poland) - GM of fencing, IPA, Warszawa (architecture, hoplology)

EDITORIAL STAFF

Editor-in-Chief – Prof. UR Dr habil. Wojciech J. Cynarski
Co-Editor – Prof. Dr habil. Kazimierz Obodyński
Scientific Editor – Prof. Dr. Sergio Raimondo (Italy)
Statistical Editor – Dr Wojciech Błażejewski
Assistant Editors – mgr Adrian Piórko-Pawliński, mgr Przemysław Pawelec
Proofreaders – mgr Joanna Skowron, Marjolein Thrower (UK)
Project of Cover – mgr Ryszard Śpiewak, mgr Adrian Piórko-Pawliński

Journal was founded with a resolution of the Idōkan Polska
Ass. Headquarters in Rzeszów, May 25, 2000.

Funding bodies:

Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Idokan
Polska Ass., with support of the University of Rzeszów
Copyright © 2012 by Committee of Scientific Research,
Stowarzyszenie Idokan Polska^®, Poland

The Journal is in open access

Publisher:

Stowarzyszenie Idōkan Polska /
Idōkan Poland Association in Rzeszów,
ul. Towarnickiego 3, PL - 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
(www.idokan.pl)

Editorial & Publisher

(address for correspondence and submission):
Prof. UR Dr habil. Wojciech J. Cynarski,
Zawale Str. 27, PL - 38-100 Strzyżów, Poland
e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Typesetting, pagination and editing: Wojciech Paczek

Printed in Poland, Printing: Sowa - Druk na życzenie
www.sowadruk.pl, tel. 022 431-81-40

Edition: 550 copies

old ISSN PL-1730-2064, new p-ISSN 2084-3763; e-ISSN 2082-7571 (electronic version preferred)

Indexed in:

MNiSW / Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education – 7 points (evaluation 2012)
EBSCO / SPORT Discus
Index Copernicus International – ICV = 5.27 (for 2011)

Abstracted in: www.IndexCopernicus.com; www.idokan.pl

Publishing of this journal (volume 12) was co-financed by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education and Higher Education within the framework of the project Index Plus.